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Chapter 3 · Watch, then practise

Images and Graphics

Compare pixel-based images with geometric graphics, and calculate raw image storage. Use color channels and transparency to explain what each stored pixel describes.

3 questions · 3 with related videos. Matches are based on playlist titles; broader background matches are labeled.

What to study

  • Raster and vector representations
  • RGB storage
  • Alpha transparency

Chapter playlists

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Notes

Raster Bitmap vs Vector Graphics

Cary Hawkins · 7:39

Direct comparison of raster and vector graphics.

1. Choose a representation

Why might a line diagram use SVG while a photograph uses a raster image?

SVG can describe shapes, paths and text geometrically, so a line diagram can be scaled and edited by its objects. A photograph is naturally represented by sampled pixel values. SVG can also embed raster images; the formats are not mutually exclusive in a document.

Calculating File Size: Images

Eddie Woo · 7:06

Supplementary image-file-size lesson; the RGB dimensions here are worked in the answer.

2. Raw image calculation

How much storage does an uncompressed 800 × 600 RGB image need at 8 bits per channel, without padding or metadata?

There are 480,000 pixels and 3 bytes per pixel. Storage is 1,440,000 bytes, or 1.44 MB in decimal units. Adding an 8-bit alpha value per pixel raises this to 1,920,000 bytes. A compressed file may differ substantially.

Gimp Lesson 10 | Using Transparency and Alpha Channel

TJ FREE · 8:46

Supplementary demonstration of transparency and alpha channels in GIMP; the precise PNG byte values are explained in the answer.

3. Interpret alpha

In an 8-bit PNG alpha channel, what do values 0, 128 and 255 represent?

Zero is fully transparent and 255 is fully opaque. A value of 128 is approximately half opacity and is composited with the background. Alpha controls coverage or opacity; it is not another red, green or blue color component.

References